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Custody and use of the nine electrode
(1) the selection of electrode
A wide range of of ① electrode selection of the basic principles of electrode, each electrode has certain characteristics and uses. In order to ensure product quality, increase productivity and reduce production costs must be the correct selection of electrode. The actual choices electrode, in addition to consider the economy, construction conditions, the welding efficiency and working conditions, it should consider the following principles:
a. The principle of equal strength to withstand a static load or load the workpiece or structure, usually selected according to the principle of the weld metal and base metal electrode, the weld and parent material tensile strength equal to or similar.
and b. The principle of conditions, such as working conditions and characteristics of the workpiece or welded structures in the selection of the electrode. Welded to withstand dynamic loading or impact loading of the workpiece should be used in high impact toughness of the deposited metal, alkaline electrode; can use an acid electrode welding general structure.
(c) Homosexual principle of welded structures under special circumstances, such as corrosion resistance, high or low temperatures, in order to ensure that the use of performance, the electrode should be selected in accordance with the principles of the deposited metal and the base metal properties identical or similar.
② carbon steel electrode selection
According to the standards of China\\ s carbon steel electrode, mainly carbon steel electrode main two models of the E43 series and E50 series. Use alkaline electrode welding of low carbon steel, the general structure of the choice of the acid electrode to withstand dynamic load or complex thick-walled structure and low temperature use, as shown in Table 2-2; medium carbon steel welding, due to the carbon content than high and prone to cracks, which should be used in the alkaline electrode or weld metal with good ductility and toughness of the welding rod, and should be preheated moderate cold treatment, as shown in Table 2-3; high-carbon steel welding, welding consumables The selection of product design requirements when high strength requirements can be used J707 (E7015-G) or of Chang – Lun (E6015-G), electrode, and the strength is not critical, the choice of J506 (E5016) or J507 (E5015 ) electrode.
③ low alloy steel welding rod selection of welding hot-rolled and normalized steel, the main basis to ensure that mechanical properties such as strength, ductility and impact toughness of the weld metal and base metal phase matching, welding the components of large thickness, in order to prevent welding cracks low intensity, can be \"matching\" principle, ie, selection of the deposited metal strength is lower than the base metal electrode. Welding low-carbon quenched and tempered steel, they should strictly control the hydrogen, thus generally used in low-hydrogen type, or ultra-low hydrogen electrodes. Welding of carbon quenched and tempered steel, in order to ensure that the weld metal ductility, toughness and strength, improve crack resistance should be low-carbon alloy system to minimize weld metal sulfur, phosphorus impurity content. The selection of low-alloy steel electrodes as shown in Table 2-4.
(2) electrode custody
① welding rod must be in a dry, well-ventilated indoor warehouse storage. Electrode storage bank is not allowed to place the harmful gases and corrosive media. The electrode should be placed on the distance from the ground and the wall surface is not less than 300mm shelf to prevent damp.
The ② electrode stacked according to types, brands, batch, specifications and storage time. Piling up, and should be clearly marked to avoid confusion.
The ③ generally first electrode Reservoir in not more than two days usage has been a library at the electrode welder must take good care of.
The ④ ensure electrode in the supply units at least six months storage of the electrode should be the first use of the first storage.
⑤ special welding rod storage and custody should be higher than the general welding rod shall be placed in a special warehouse or designated area, damp or damaged packaging electrode untreated allowed to storage.
The ⑥ electrode storage library should be set to the thermometer and hygrometer. The low hydrogen type electrode indoor temperature of not less than 50C, relative air humidity of not less than 60%.
⑦ damp, drug skin discoloration, weld core rust electrode, subject to drying for quality assessment, if the performance indicators to meet the requirements before storage, or not storage.
(3) the use of the electrode
① electrode before use, typically dry, acid electrode, as the moisture in the 75 ~ 1500C drying 1 ~ 2h; basic low hydrogen type structural steel welding rod should be at 350 to 4000C drying 1 ~ 2h. Drying of the electrode should be placed in the 100 ~ 1500C incubator (cylinder) with the attention to keep dry when used with the check, use.
② low hydrogen type electrode is generally over 4 hours at room temperature, should be re-drying, the repetitions should not exceed three times.
The ③ electrode drying should be recorded, the record should be the contents of the grade, batch number, temperature and time.
④ during the welding rod drying should be responsible for the technical personnel responsible for operation, inspection and check each batch of electrodes is not less than once, and signature in the operating record.
⑤ dry electrode, the electrode should not be into the stack or in bundles to stacking, placement into layered, stacked on each electrode is too thick (generally 1 to 3 layers), to avoid uneven heating in the electrode drying and moisture is not easy ruled out.
⑥ welder in recipients electrode, must be based on product requirements, fill in the single recipients, fill in the project, including order number, product number, welder parts number, as well as the recipients of the electrode grades, specifications, quantity, and the recipients time and recovered as work verification basis of the remaining electrode.
The ⑦ dryer electrode, remove and put the electrode should be to prevent the electrode due to the cold and hot temperatures resulting from drug skin cracking and peeling.
The ⑧ open operation overnight, you must electrode proper custody, does not allow open storage in the low-temperature oven thermostat to save, otherwise the next day also re-dried before use.
⑨ to prevent electrode grades wrong, should be established welding materials requisitioning system must be established, the electrode head recovery system to prevent the remaining electrode lost production site.